Table 2 The proportion of time spent by Rousettus madagascariensis associated with each type of behavior. Mean ± standard deviation (minimum-maximum values) of the proportion of time spent by R. madagascariensis, separated into different age and sex classes, associated with each type of behavior. These values are based on six recording sessions per day, each 10 min, for a daily total of 60 min, and over nine days
From: Rates of hematophagous ectoparasite consumption during grooming by an endemic Madagascar fruit bat
Age and sex classes | No. of observations | Rest (%) | Crawl (%) | Fight (%) | Auto-grooming (%) | Allo-grooming (%) | Consuming ectoparasites via auto-grooming (%) | Consuming ectoparasites via allo-grooming (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Juvenile | 48 | 93.6 ± 17.5 (0–100) | 2.3 ± 2.7 (0–10) | 0 | 3.3 ± 10.4 (0–1.4) | 0.8 ± 2.0 (0–8.2) | 0 | 0 |
Adult | 84 | 73.4 ± 14.3 (20–100) | 0.7 ± 1.1 (0–5) | 3.2 ± 2.6 (0–30) | 14.2 ± 10.0 (0–83.1) | 4.7 ± 5.1 (0–51.6) | 3.3 ± 4.4 (0–26.9) | 0.6 ± 0.9 (0–7.7) |
Juvenile female | 36 | 93.6 ± 21.0 (61.5–100) | 1.1 ± 2.1 (0–10) | 0 | 4.1 ± 7.0 (0–71.4) | 1.2 ± 2.3 (0–8.2) | 0 | 0 |
Adult female | 26 | 73.4 ± 12.3 (28.8–100) | 0.7 ± 4.8 (0–7.1) | 5.1 ± 14.4 (0–70) | 13.7 ± 20.4 (0–48.9) | 4.3 ± 4.1 (0–16.1) | 2.4 ± 3.9 (0–13.3) | 0.4 ± 1.0 (0–3.9) |
Juvenile male | 12 | 93.6 ± 34.8 (0–100) | 3.5 ± 2.8 (0–10) | 0 | 2.5 ± 13.8 0–18.0 | 0.4 ± 1.7 (0–3.2) | 0 | 0 |
Adult male | 58 | 73.3 ± 10.2 (20–100) | 0.7 ± 1.7 (0–3.7) | 1.3 ± 4.3 (0–30) | 14.7 ± 16.2 (0–83.1) | 5.1 ± 9.4 (0–51.6) | 4.1 ± 5.8 (0–26.9) | 0.8 ± 1.6 (0–7.7) |