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Table 3 Results of AMOVA analysis (among groups, among the five allopatric sites; among populations within groups, between sympatric populations within the five allopatric sites; within populations, within each of the ten populations)

From: Genetic differentiation of the oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, from two sympatric host species

Source of variation

df

Sum of squares

Variance components

Percentage of variation (%)

P

Among groups

4

79.468

0.42668

14.96

0.00098

Among populations within groups

5

14.659

0.02766

0.97

0.45455

Within populations

194

465.118

2.39752

84.07

< 0.00001