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Table 2 Effect of cat vaccination with recombinant proteins on C. felis infestations. Results are shown for each infested cat (n = 3 per group) with average (Ave) ± SD. The M, H and U were compared between groups by a Fisher’s exact test (aP < 0.05). Additionally, data were analyzed statistically to compare results between cat fleas fed on vaccinated and control cats by Student’s t-test with unequal variance (bP ≤ 0.05). Vaccine efficacy (E) was determined by considering flea mortality (M, % mortality), flea fertility (F, No. of F1 adults per female), oviposition (O, No. of eggs oviposited), egg hatchability (H, % of hatched eggs), flea viability (V, No. of viable females), and flea fecundity (U, % of fecund fleas)

From: A reverse vaccinology approach to the identification and characterization of Ctenocephalides felis candidate protective antigens for the control of cat flea infestations

Group

Cat no.

Parameter

M

DMa

V

DVb

O

DOc

H

DHd

F

DFe

U

DUf

Eg

F1

66326

33

-55

50

-15

1950

-11

80

+16

28

+19

100

0

32

67437

6

74

1930

92

16

100

63522

21

63

1877

72

20

100

Ave ± SD

20 ± 14

62 ± 12

1919 ± 38

81 ± 10a,b

21 ± 6

100 ± 0

F3

69095

16

-244

66

-28

2586

-8

96

+6

27

+31

100

0

35

70317

2

70

1283

80

12

100

83184

10

71

1735

96

16

100

Ave ± SD

9 ± 7

69 ± 3

1868 ± 662

91 ± 9

18 ± 8

100 ± 0

F4

66125

24

0

55

+4

1400

+6

84

+8

17

+23

100

0

32

57297

13

65

1510

84

15

100

68830

57

36

1944

100

28

100

Ave ± SD

31 ± 23

52 ± 15

1618 ± 288

89 ± 9a

20 ± 7

100 ± 0

F5

90839

16

-94

64

-22

2576

-14

100

+27

26

+23

100

0

44

69835

31

58

2102

88

22

100

66988

0

75

1256

24

11

100

Ave ± SD

16 ± 16

66 ± 9

1978 ± 669

71 ± 41a

20 ± 8

100 ± 0

F6

53329

14

-48

63

-15

1429

+23

80

+6

18

+42

100

0

46

69949

23

64

791

92

9

100

67895

26

58

1778

100

19

100

Ave ± SD

21 ± 6

62 ± 3

1333 ± 501

91 ± 10

15 ± 6

100 ± 0

Control

67996

34

–

56

–

2379

–

96

–

30

–

100

–

–

65041

25

59

1528

100

20

100

71307

35

47

1286

96

21

100

Ave ± SD

31 ± 6

54 ± 6

1731 ± 574

97 ± 2

26 ± 6

100 ± 0

  1. aDM (% increase in flea mortality) = 100 – [(Mc, % flea mortality in control cats × 100) / Mv, % flea mortality in vaccinated cats]
  2. bDV (% reduction in viable females) = 100 – [(Vv, No. viable females in vaccinated cats × 100) / Vc, No. viable females in control cats]
  3. cDO (% reduction in oviposition) = 100 – [(Ov, No. eggs oviposited by flea in vaccinated cats × 100) / Oc, No. eggs oviposited by flea in control cats]
  4. dDH (% reduction in egg hatchability) = 100 – [(Hv, % hatched eggs in vaccinated cats × 100) / Hc, % hatched eggs in control cats]
  5. eDF (% reduction in flea fertility) = 100 - [(Fv, % hatched eggs in vaccinated cats × 100) / Fc, % hatched eggs in control cats]
  6. fDU (% reduction in flea fecundity) = 100 – [(Uv, % fecund females in vaccinated cats × 100) / Uc, % fecund females in control cats]
  7. gE (% vaccine efficacy) = 100 × [1- (DM × DV × DH × DF × DU)]