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Table 1 Included studies of Cryptosporidium infection in people with HIV listed in order of year published

From: Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Country

Income level

Patients with diarrhea

No. of patients

Prevalence (%)

Quality score

Western and central Europe and North America

René et al. (1989) [37]

France

High

Mixed

132

21.2

2

Connolly et al. (1990) [53]

UK

High

Yes

33

15.2

1

Brandonisio et al. (1993) [54]

Italy

High

Yes

51

33.3

1

Sorvillo et al. (1994) [41]

USA

High

Mixed

16,953

3.8

2

Colford et al. (1996) [34]

USA

High

Mixed

3564

5.4

3

Mathewson et al. (1998) [42]

USA

High

Yes

83

10.8

2

Matos et al. (1998) [35]

Portugal

High

Yes

465

7.7

3

Brandonisio et al. (1999) [38]

Italy

High

Mixed

154

11.0

3

Cama et al. (2006) [55]

USA

High

Mixed

21

33.3

1

Lagrange-Xelot et al. (2008) [27]

France

High

Mixed

6827

1.3

1

Sub-Saharan Africa

Henry et al. (1986) [32]

DR Congo

Low

Yes

46

8.7

0

Colebunders et al. (1988) [56]

DR Congo

Low

Yes

42

31.0

0

Therizol-Ferly et al. (1989) [57]

Ivory Coast

Middle

Yes

148

6.8

1

Hunter et al. (1992) [58]

Zambia

Middle

Mixed

90

2.2

2

Assoumou et al. (1993) [59]

Ivory Coast

Middle

Mixed

217

8.8

1

Dieng et al. (1994) [60]

Senegal

Low

Yes

72

13.9

1

Chintu et al. (1995) [61]

Zambia

Middle

Yes

44

13.6

2

Mwachari et al. (1998) [62]

Kenya

Middle

Yes

75

17.3

2

Fisseha et al. (1999) [63]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

190

20.0

2

Gumbo et al. (1999) [31]

Zimbabwe

Low

Yes

82

8.5

2

Cegielski et al. (1999) [64]

Tanzania

Low

Yes

86

7.0

2

Lebbad et al. (2001) [65]

Guinea-Bissau

Low

Yes

37

21.6

2

Nwokediuko et al. (2002) [66]

Nigeria

Middle

Yes

161

0.0

1

Adjei et al. (2003) [67]

Ghana

Middle

Yes

21

28.6

2

Tumwine et al. (2005) [28]

Uganda

Low

Yes

91

73.6

2

Tadesse et al. (2005) [68]

Ethiopia

Low

Yes

70

28.6

1

Sarfati et al. (2006) [69]

Cameroon

Middle

Mixed

154

9.7

3

Adesiji et al. (2007) [29]

Nigeria

Middle

Yes

100

79.0

3

Mariam et al. (2008) [70]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

109

7.3

2

Blanco et al. (2009) [71]

Equatorial Guinea

Middle

na

171

18.1

3

Cooke et al. (2009) [72]

South Africa

Middle

Mixed

26

7.7

0

Babatunde et al. (2010) [73]

Nigeria

Middle

Mixed

90

32.2

1

Alemu et al. (2011) [74]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

188

43.6

1

Bartelt et al. (2011) [30]

South Africa

Middle

na

193

75.6

1

Roka et al. (2012) [75]

Equatorial Guinea

Middle

Mixed

260

9.2

4

Wumba et al. (2012) [76]

DR Congo

Low

Mixed

242

5.4

4

Nwuba et al. (2012) [33]

Nigeria

Middle

Mixed

202

30.7

3

Girma et al. (2014) [77]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

268

34.3

3

Samie et al. (2014) [78]

South Africa

Middle

Mixed

151

26.5

2

Vouking et al. (2014) [79]

Cameroon

Middle

Mixed

207

7.2

3

Bissong et al. (2015) [80]

Cameroon

Middle

Mixed

200

7.0

3

Kiros et al. (2015) [81]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

399

5.8

3

Nsagha et al. (2016) [39]

Cameroon

Middle

Mixed

300

44.0

4

Shimelis et al. (2016) [3]

Ethiopia

Low

Mixed

491

13.2

3

Ojuromi et al. (2016) [82]

Nigeria

Middle

Mixed

90

4.4

3

Asia and the Pacific

Kamel et al. (1994) [83]

Malaysia

Middle

Mixed

100

23.0

0

Moolasart et al. (1995) [84]

Thailand

Middle

Yes

250

8.8

2

Anand et al. (1996) [85]

India

Middle

Mixed

200

35.0

1

Punpoowong et al. (1998) [86]

Thailand

Middle

Yes

22

9.1

0

Wanachiwanawin et al. (1999) [87]

Thailand

Middle

Yes

91

25.3

2

Prasad et al. (2000) [88]

India

Middle

Mixed

26

11.5

2

Wiwanitkit et al. (2001) [89]

Thailand

Middle

Mixed

60

3.3

1

Chokephaibulkit et al. (2001) [90]

Thailand

Middle

Yes

82

6.1

2

Waywa et al. (2001) [91]

Thailand

Middle

Yes

288

19.1

3

Kumar et al. (2002) [92]

India

Middle

Mixed

100

14.0

2

Mohandas et al. (2002) [93]

India

Middle

Mixed

120

10.8

3

Lim et al. (2005) [94]

Malaysia

Middle

Mixed

66

3.0

1

Guk et al. (2005) [95]

South Korea

High

Mixed

67

10.4

1

Chhin et al. (2006) [96]

Cambodia

Middle

Yes

80

45.0

3

Dwivedi (2007) [48]

India

Middle

Mixed

75

33.3

2

Ramakrishnan et al. (2007) [97]

India

Middle

Yes

80

28.8

2

Qu et al. (2007) [19]

China

Middle

Yes

141

3.5

0

Stark et al. (2007) [98]

Australia

High

Yes

618

2.3

4

Saldanha et al. (2008) [99]

India

Middle

na

307

17.3

1

Jayalakshmi et al. (2008) [43]

India

Middle

Yes

89

12.4

2

Viriyavejakul et al. (2009) [100]

Thailand

Middle

Mixed

64

20.3

2

Saksirisampant et al. (2009) [101]

Thailand

Middle

Mixed

90

34.4

1

Kulkarni et al. (2009) [44]

India

Middle

Yes

137

11.7

1

Guo et al. (2011) [20]

China

Middle

Yes

149

16.1

2

Tian et al. (2012) [102]

China

Middle

na

302

8.3

4

Tian et al. (2012) [22]

China

Middle

Mixed

46

13.0

3

Li et al. (2012) [21]

China

Middle

Yes

67

6.0

2

Wang et al. (2012) [23]

China

Middle

Yes

253

12.6

3

Sherchan et al. (2012) [103]

Nepal

Low

Mixed

146

2.7

3

Wang et al. (2013) [9]

China

Middle

Mixed

673

1.5

4

Mehta et al. (2013) [104]

India

Middle

Mixed

100

2.0

3

Vyas et al. (2013) [105]

India

Middle

Yes

75

14.7

2

Gupta et al. (2013) [45]

India

Middle

Mixed

100

4.0

2

Baragundi Mahesh et al. (2013) [106]

India

Middle

Mixed

75

18.7

2

Paboriboune et al. (2014) [107]

Laos

Middle

Mixed

137

6.6

3

Jain et al. (2014) [108]

India

Middle

Mixed

250

20.8

2

Pang et al. (2015) [16]

China

Middle

na

450

17.3

3

Angal et al. (2015) [109]

Malaysia

Middle

Mixed

131

3.8

3

Xie et al. (2015) [17]

China

Middle

Mixed

152

13.2

0

Khalil et al. (2015) [110]

India

Middle

Mixed

200

7.5

3

Asma et al. (2015) [111]

Malaysia

Middle

Mixed

346

12.4

4

Kaniyarakkal et al. (2016) [112]

India

Middle

Mixed

200

2.5

2

Mitra et al. (2016) [113]

India

Middle

Mixed

194

29.4

2

Shah et al. (2016) [114]

India

Middle

Mixed

45

13.3

2

Wang et al. (2016) [18]

China

Middle

Mixed

285

0.7

4

Latin America and the Caribbean

Chacin-Bonilla et al. (1992) [115]

Venezuela

High

Mixed

29

41.4

1

Escobedo et al. (1999) [116]

Cuba

Middle

Mixed

67

11.9

2

Florez et al. (2003) [117]

Colombia

Middle

Mixed

115

10.4

3

Ribeiro et al. (2004) [118]

Brazil

Middle

Mixed

75

9.3

2

Chacin et al. (2006) [119]

Venezuela

High

Yes

103

25.2

2

Goncalves et al. (2009) [120]

Brazil

Middle

Mixed

100

9.0

2

Cardoso et al. (2011) [121]

Brazil

Middle

Mixed

500

0.2

3

Velasco et al. (2011) [122]

Colombia

Middle

Mixed

131

29.0

2

Guimarães et al. (2012) [123]

Brazil

Middle

Mixed

93

2.2

1

Assis et al. (2013) [124]

Brazil

Middle

Mixed

59

10.2

2

Middle East and North Africa

Zali et al. (2004) [125]

Iran

Middle

Mixed

206

1.5

2

Yosefi et al. (2012) [126]

Iran

Middle

Mixed

60

8.3

2

Agholi et al. (2013) [127]

Iran

Middle

Mixed

356

9.6

3

Salehi Sangani et al. (2016) [128]

Iran

Middle

Mixed

80

1.3

2

Eastern Europe and central Asia

Brannan et al. (1996) [129]

Romania

Middle

Mixed

73

78.1

3

Kucervoa et al. (2011) [130]

Russia

Middle

na

46

41.3

2

  1. Abbreviations: Yes, patients with diarrhea; Mixed, including patients with or without diarrhea; na, not applicable (parameter not provided)