DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

Table 2 Regression coefficients with standard errors (SE) for the fixed effects of the two final general linear mixed models with (i) a binomial error distribution for the total number of female Culicoides spp. collected and (ii) a negative binomial error distribution for the total number of male Culicoides spp. collected

Parameter		Total female Culicoides spp. collected		Total male Culicoides spp. collected
Parameter		Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE
Intercept		0.45	0.35	-2.18***	0.53
Light Type	UV	3.55***	0.38	0.89***	0.21
Species	C. imicola	0.77	0.42	2.60***	0.54
	C. oxystoma	6.05***	0.38	5.75***	0.54
	C. peregrinus	4.33***	0.38	2.87***	0.51
	C. anophelis	2.64***	0.39	0.05	0.60
Position	Position 2	–	–	-0.19	0.65
Species × Light Type	C. imicola : UV	0.16	0.51	–	–
	C. oxystoma : UV	-1.11	0.46	–	–
	C. peregrinus : UV	-0.07	0.46	–	–
	C. anophelis : UV	-1.16	0.47	–	–
Species × Position	C. imicola : Position 2	–	–	-0.34	0.75
	C. oxystoma : Position 2	–	–	-0.04	0.71
	C. peregrinus : Position 2	–	–	0.22	0.72
	C. anophelis : Position 2	–	–	-2.82	1.32

***P ≤ 0.001
Random effects included in the final models included the effect of trapping day. N-dash indicates variable not included in model

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