Table 2 Characteristics of households participating in census at three sites in India, 2012–2014

Time period of data-collection

Jan 2012–Oct 2014

Nov 2012–Oct 2014

Apr 2012–Apr 2014

Electricity in household (%)

1,479 (99.7)

1,764 (96.3)

975 (81.0)

418.87, < 0.001

Livestock (%)

28/1,464 (1.9)

217 (11.8)

699 (58.1)

1,400, < 0.001

Average number of people in the household (SD), range

4.2 (1.6), 1–21

5.2 (2.5), 1–16

5.2 (2.1), 1–24

ANOVA: F _{(2, 4515)} = 100.53, P < 0.001

 Child < 5 years in household (%)

374 (25.2)

463 (25.3)

494 (41.0)

105.86, < 0.001

 Young male child (%)

215 (14.5)

277 (15.1)

305 (25.3)

67.13, < 0.001

 Young female child (%)

206 (13.9)

255 (13.9)

287 (23.8)

63.06, < 0.001

Male head of household (%)

1,270/1,457 (87.2)

1,504/1,764 (85.3)

1,051 (87.3)

3.49, 0.174

Head of household salaried employment (%)

543/1,433 (37.9)

335/1,764 (19.0)

1,20/1,202 (10.0)

313.23, < 0.001

Head of household at least secondary education

553/1,217 (45.4)

441/1,764 (25.0)

53 (4.4)

543.35, < 0.001

≥ 1 person with at least secondary education in household (%)

971 (65.5)

945 (51.6)

301 (25.0)

443.46, < 0.001

Head of household had malaria in previous year (%)

94/1,460 (6.4)

55/1,764 (3.1)

132/1,202 (11.0)

74.38, < 0.001

  ≥ 1 person with malaria in the previous year (%)

237 (16.0)

146 (8.0)

260 (21.6)

116.07, < 0.001

 1 person

187 (12.6)

121 (6.6)

139 (11.5)

53.94, < 0.001

 2 persons

33 (2.2)

18 (1.0)

82 (6.8)

(df = 4)

  > 2 persons

17 (1.2)

7 (0.4)

39 (3.2)

Interview in rainy season (%)

462 (31.2)

109 (6.0)

182 (15.1)

377.72, < 0.001